Experimental plots that received no fertilizer N demonstrated an increase in grain yield where straw was rolled or incorporated and winter flooded. This suggests that straw residue acted as a source of N for rice (Horwath and van Kessel, 1998).

Literature Cited
Horwath, W.R. and C. van Kessel. 1998. Reassessing soil N availability and fertilizer recommendations under alternative rice residue management practices. Annual Report, Comprehensive Rice Research 1998, University of California and U.S. Department of Agriculture.

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